The Sun is a massive star that serves as the primary energy source for Earth and the planets in the solar system. Formed approximately 4.6 billion years ago, it is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, producing immense energy through nuclear fusion. This energy, in the form of light and heat, reaches Earth and is essential for maintaining the climate and ecosystems. The Sun consists of multiple layers, including the convection zone, photosphere, and corona, with solar winds emanating from its surface and impacting the entire solar system. Currently in its "main sequence" phase, the Sun will eventually exhaust its hydrogen fuel and expand into a "red giant" in several billion years.
